Scalper



Jan. 5 1926. 1,568,267.

c. w. CARTER v SCALPER Filed August 27, 1924 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Clare/2w 1% 601021 .5 Am W 2 W Jan. 5 1926.

c. w. CARTER SCALPER Filed August 27, 1924 4 Sheets Sheet 2 @aWz/ab I Claim/2061K tbf'lefl Jan. 5,1926. 1,568,267

' C. W. CARTER SCALPER Filed August 2'7, 1924 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 Jan. 5 1926. 1,568,267

c. w. CARTER SCALPER Filed August 27, 1924 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Qmence J46 (a/'11:!

1? A MWM.

Patented Jan. 5, 1926.

CLARENCE W. CARTER. or'MIuNEAroLIs,iviINNEsorA. Assroitda TO oaarnnrmw HEW MAN'iIF ACT IiRING GOMPANYQOF MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA, A. CORPORA- mom or MINNESOTA.

SGAILI ER.

*A p'ncaaba flicaAu ust 27, 1924. serial No. 734,423.

Be itfknown that I.'or..\1 m'cm\*; Martin, a citizen (it'lhrited"States, residing at Minheapolis, in the county of Hennepin and State of Minnesota, have'inven'ted certain newfa rid useful Improvements in Scalpel-s; andPdo-hereby declare the following to be a full,"clear,and enact description ofthe inventiolnsuch as will enable others skilled in the art to which it 'a'ppertains to make and use the same.

My present invention provides a highly efiicient grain scalpel and cleanerand, generallystated, it consists of the novel devices and combinations of devices hereinafter dc "scribed and defined in the claims.

It isawell known fact that grain, as it comes to the elevator from the farmer, nearly always contains a large amount ot'foreign material such as stalks, pieces of binding twine. straw."dust. small seeds and the like, andsomietimes even nails or pieces of iron, barkand twigs. Vheat is almost always mixed with oats. barley and other seedsthat ma be'se arated from the clean wheat by fanning nulls 0r grain'separators already in use forshch-purpose; but. before the grain can beproperly presented to such separators the foreign materials such as above enumerated should be'reinov' ed. and for this purpose vibratory scalping screens have hitherto been used. These vibratory scalpi'ng screens do not do the best of work largely for the reason thatthe'vibratory i'novei'nent 'will-up end such articles as nails, sticks and the like and allow the same to pass through the necessarily large meshes of the scalping screen.

I have found that I can accomplish the scalping action desired in a much more effectual manner than by'the use of vibratory scalping screens by the use of a drum-like rotary scalping screen having large meshes and by an arrangement whereby the grain will flow freely through this rotary screen into the interior thereof and then downward and outward of the same. A rotary screen ofthis character even "when the meshes are veryfla'rge will carry over all objects such as sticks. straws. 'nails and other large or relatively long Eoreigu fmaterials tor the reason that it will. uponinitial engagement therewith. turn such objects substantially tangential to the cylindrical or drum-like surface of thescre'en and cause them to ride overthe'top of .t .19screei1t0 the p int of discharge from the screen, providing the stock or material is caused to bank up within the rotary screemso that the upwardly mov- 1ng portions of the screen will be caused to force their way up through a bank or accumulated portion of the stock. This bank ing up of the stock isiessential. for otherwise, long objects. such as sticks. nails, straws and the likeywould pass on through thescreen with thegood stock and would not be diverted from their course or thrown into substantiallytangential contact with the screen and carried over the screen, as is required for the proper separation. From the stateirientsj ust made, it- 't'ollows that. the t supplyof the stock "to the rotary screen should be treer than the discharge of the stockfroni the screen. The best means for afi'ording this desired supply and discharge is'an upper hopper with an adjustable gate, and a lower hopperwith an adjustable gate. thesai d lo'wer hopper beingarranged closely under the screen where it will receive and hold up the'stock for proper accumulation .within the rotary screen.

The drum-like rotary screen is preferably arranged to revolve on a horizontal axis, and in association therewith I provide a primary hopper or receptacle arranged to deliver the grain and foreign materials to the upwardly 'moving side of the screen, and a secondary hopperor receptacle arranged to receive the grain that "is passed through the I rotary screen and from which the large foreign materials havebeen removed.

Preferably, I also employ a grain cleaner ofthe aspirator type wnich includes a suction tan and a depending air stalk. through which latter the grain from the rotary scalping screen or from the secondary hopper is arranged to drop so that light foreign materials such as dust, light chati'. small. light seeds and the likethat are not removed from the grain by the scalping machine will be picked up andcarried from the grain.

The operations just outlined will leave wheat, for example. clean except tor oats. rye or barley and the like, or possibly some of the: smaller end very heavy seeds: but all of these materials can be eiiectually separated by grain separators now in use and particularly by that type of rotary grain separator known as the Ca-rter-lviayhew disc separator. I p

The accompanying drawings illustrate a Lil commercial form of the machine designed to operate as a scalper and cleaner or aspirator. In the said drawings like characters indicate like parts throughout the several views.

Referring to the drawings:

Fig. 1 isa view chiefly in front elevation but with some parts sectioned on the line 11 of 2. showing the improved machine;

Fig. Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a detail in transverse section on the line 83 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 1 is a fragmentary side elevation of the parts shown in Fig. 3, looking at the same from the right toward the left;

Fig. 5 is a detail in horizontal section on the line 55 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is a side elevation of the parts shown in Fig. 3 looking at the same from the left toward the right and with some parts sectioned on the line 66 of Fig. 3; and

Fig. 7 is a view corresponding to Fig. 2 but illusn'ating' a slightly modified construe tion.

The device, as illustrated in the drawings. comprises a main or primary hopper or sup-- ply chamber 8 having in its bottom a slidahly adjustable discharge gate 9 that controls the flow of the grain under the action of gravity from the opening in the hopper to an inclined discharge spout or runway 10. Spout 1O delivers to a secondary hopper or receiving chamber 11 having an inclined bottom and a discharge controlling gate 12. The two hoppers 8 and 11 and spoutlO are, as shown, rigidly secured to cast side frames 13 which have slots or channels in which the gates 9 and 12 are arranged to move and by which said gates are guided.

The primary gate 9, as shown, is arranged to be adjustably secured in different adjustable positions by eccentrics 14L pivoted to legs on the side frames 13 and frictionally engageable with the end portions of said gate. The secondary gate 12, at its projecting ends, is shown as provided with tootheugaging perforations 15 that are engaged by the teeth of gear segments 16 pivotedon the ends of the transverse rock shaft 17 that is mounted in the side frames 18. Rigidly secured to the ends of the rock shaft 17 and immediately adjacent the gear segments 16 are arms 18 formed with segmental slots 19 Bolts 20 are rigidly secured to the intermediate portions of the gear segments 16. work through the slots 19 and are provided with nuts which. when tightened. adjustahly clamp the se ments 16 to the respective arms '18. \Vith this arrangement. oscillations of the rock shaft 17 operating through the elements 16 and 18 will raise and lower the gate 12, and ad ustments of the bolts 20 in is a section on the line 22 of the slots 19 serve to set the gate in proper horizontal position or parallel to the upper line of the discharge passage from the secondary hopper. As a means for setting the rock shaft 17 and hence the gate 12 in different positions of adjustment, one of the arms 18 is provided with an upper extension 18 that is formed with'a segmental slot 22 and with an indicator finger 23. Finger 23 is adapted to co-operate with graduation marks 21 on the adjacent side frame 13, and to more readily adapt said finger for use as a lever extension to operate the rock shaft and gate it is shown as provided with an offset gripping flange 23.

In the commercial machine here described, the drum-like rotary scalping screen is arranged to intercept the grain and other stock coming from the primary hopper through the spout 10 on its ay to or toward the secondary hopper. This drum-like screen comprises heads 25 and a heavy very coarse mesh cylindrical screen, preferably a woven wire screen, 26, the said elements 25 and 26 being rigidly connected and the heads 25 being rigidly secured to a transverse shaft 27 journaled in suitable outwardly offset bearings 13" on the side frames 13. The shaft 27 is shown as provided at one end with a sprocket 28 adapting it and the rotary screen to be driven from a power-actuated belt or chain, but of course said rotary screen may be driven in any suitable way. The drtun-like screen is thus arranged to rotate on an approximately horizontal axis and the screen it; is arranged to run so close to the lower edge of the spout 10 that all of the stock or at least all of the coarse materials will be thrown into engagement or caused. to run into said screen. In fact, the meshes of the screen are so coarse that said screen offers but very slight if any resistance to the flow of wheat, oats or similar grain theretln'ough first, into the interior of said screen and from thence downward and outward through the screen into the secondary hopper.

To hold back the grain and thereby prevent the same from flowing outward beyond the upper edge of the hopper 11. a stop plate or board 29 is suspended or supported with in said screen: and. as shown. this is accomplished by providing said stop plate with a U-snaped hanger flange 30 loosely placed over the shaft 1? and by providing the lower portion of said plate with a weig t bar 31 which will serve to prevent said p ate from being rotated by the frictional contact between the shaft 1? and hanger flange 30.

The device so far described in detail will perform the scalping function. but to cause the machine to operate also as a cleaner or aspira or. the discharge passage from the secondary hopper controlled by gate 12 is arranged to discharge into an upright stack 32, the upper end of which, as shown, is curved and connected to the air intake spout 33 of a power-driven suction fan 34. The air stack 32, as shown, is as wide as the hopper-11 andis rigidly secured to 'thecside frames 18 and'hence su ported thereby.

To control the stren 't 1 of-the, air current drawn upwardthrougli air stack 32, the latter is provided with an adjustable damper orhinge choke valve 35that may be arranged to be set in different posit-ions by any wellknown means.

The construction illustrated in Fig. 7 is likethat already described in connect-ion wvith the other views except that the discharge gate 12, which maybe assumed to receive vertical.movements by the means doscrihedin connection with the gate 12-bnt also by anysuitable means, is at'its upper edge connected by ahinge 36 to an oblique angillarly adjustable sectionST of the'bottom of the hopper 11. This adjustable'bo-ttom plate .37 at its upper edge is arranged to "slide on guide flanges 38 formed on'the side plates 13 and-beset nearto or further from the upper edge 11 of discharge-passage *f-ronrhopper 11. In this arrangement,

the bottom plate 37 forms a part ofthe discharge gate structure and it is the structure preferable to that described in the other views for the reason thatno pocket is left atv the bottom of the hopper 11 for the lo'dgment of grain.

It will benoted, by reference particularly to Figs. 2 and '7, thattheupper hopper delivers against the upwardly moving portion of the rotary screen at apoint below the horizontal plane of -the axis of said screen, and that the lower hopper extends backward or outward underthe bottom of the rotary screen to a point outward ofthe ver tical plane ot'the axis-of said screen. The above noted arrangement of the discharge from the upper hopper delivers the stock against a very considerable portion of -the u nvardly moving'half of-the screen and the noted arrangement of the lower hopper serves to hold back the stock and at least assists in causing the same'to accumulate within the screen down to orapproximately to the bottom of the screen. These two actions greatly increase the e'tliciency of the separating action and give the cross bars of the screen the best-kind of a chance to engage the elongated objects and to -turn the same outof the line of the stream so that they will be carried otl' over the screen.

indicated=b11tmay be sunn'narized as follows The eonuningled stock, assumed to be wheat and oats mixed with various large aforeign materials. such as stalks, pieces of twins, bank, .icoim cubs, dust, small seeds, and frequently nails, pieces of iron,

twigs and the like, will be delivered into the primary hopper-S and from thence will be fed tothe rotary drum-like sca'lpingscreen under the control (if-the primary feed gate "9. T he said scalping screen will be rotated at quiteslow speed in a.counterclockwise direction in respect to Fig. 2. All of the said materials, except the longer particles. such as straws, bark. cobs, nails-binding twine,

and the 'like, will be engaged by the rotating screen, but will not pass 'therethrough to the interior thereof for thereason'that they will be up-ended'or turned upward and deposited on the exterior of the up *ardly moving through the rotating screen-to the interior thereof. All of the smaller particles, such as the wlieanoats, small seeds, dust-and the like, will pass freely throughthe 'screento the interior thereof and from thencedownward'again through the lower portion of said screen into the secondary hopper 11.

The grain in the interior of the rotating screen wlll bank up against the stop plate Q9 and, of course, the-latter will be held against rotation. This banking up of the stock within the rotating screenis important, It pre- "en'ts too'ra pid flow of the stockthreugh the upwardly moving upper portion of the screen and holds back the long objects so that they will-be engaged and turned upward by the screen. If the stock were allowed to flow tooquickly through the upwardly moving portion of the screen, some oftheobjects might pass completelythrough the meshes of the screen'and, hence get into the secondary hopper. Also, the banking 111.) of the stock makes it. unnecessary to extend the secondary hoppers far under the rotating screen as would otherwise be necessary.

The coinmingled stock freed from the long objects, as noted, will, under control of 'thesecondary feed gate '12, be fed into "the air stack 32 and the air current drawn upwardthrough the latter will pick up all of the lighter materials. such as chatl. light seeds. dust and the like. while the good seeds: suchas wheat and oats, will fall downward through said air stack. The cleaned stock, dropping through'the air stack, we have assumed tobe wheat and cats, but it might be either one of the two grains or some other material. If wheat and oats, the mixture will 'be in condition for delivery to a suitable. wheat and oats separator, such as the well known commercial fanning mills or the disc type of separator well known to the trade as the Cartei 'ltiayhew "8613313 6012. If

small seeds remain with the clean grain, they can be easily separated out by the use of a line mesh screen or other suitable means.

The efiiciency of this machine has been thoroughly demonstrated in actual practice. The preferred form of the machine has been illustrated and the same has been quite specitically described, but it will, of course, be understood that the machine is capable of a large range of modification, all within the scope of my invention as herein disclosed and claimed.

What it claim is:

l. A scalping machine comprising a drumlike rotary screen, means for delivering commingled steel: in compact mass against said screen, and means for causing the stock to accumulate in compact mass within said screen, whereby said screen will tail over large and long foreign substances, while the main stock will pass through said screen to the interior thereof, and from thence out of said screen.

2. it scalping machine comprising a drumlilte rotary screen mounted to rotate on a substantially horizontal axis, means for delivering commingled stock in compact mass against the upwardly moving portion of said screen, and means for causing the stock to accumulate in compact mass within and below said screen, whereby said screen will tail over the large and long freer substances, while the main stock will pass through the upwardly moving portions of the screen to the interior thereof, and from thence through the bottom of said screen.

3. A scalping machine comprising means for directing the flow of commingled stock. a drum-like rotary screen in the path of movement of said stock and serving to tail over the long and large foreign substances, while the main stock relieved therefrom will pass through said screen to the interior thereof, and from thence again through said screen to the exterior thereof, and an upright stop plate mounted within said rotary screen.

at. The combination with a drum-like screen mounted to rotate on an approximately horizontal axis, of stock-supplying means arranged to deliver a regulated flow l the stock against the upwardly moving portion of said screen. and stock-accumulating means located below said screen and provided with a. regulated discharge to hold back the stock and cause the same to accumulate within said screen.

:3. A scalping machine comprising a coarse mesh drum-like screen mounted to rotate on an approximately horizontal axis. means for delivering connningled stock against the upper portion of the upwardly moving side of said screen, a receptacle below said screen, having a discharge passage that affords a discharge more restricted than the supply atlorded by said stock-delivering means, said screen serving to tail over long and large foreign substances while the main stock relieved thereof will pass through said screen to the interior thereof and thence downward through said screen to the recep tacle below said screen.

6. A scalping machine comprising a coarse mesh drum-like screen mounted to rotate on an approximately horizontal axis, means for delivering commingled stock against the upper portion of the upwardly moving side of said screen, a receptacle belowsaid screen, said screen serving to tail over long and large foreign substances while the main stock relieved thereof will pass through said screen to the interior thereof and thence downward through said screen to the receptacle below said screen, and within said screen an upright stop plate arranged to cause the stock to bank up within said screen.

7. A scalping machine comprising a drumlike rotary screen, means for delivering commingled stock in compact mass against said screen at a point below the axis of said screen, and means for causing the stock to accumulate in compact mass within said screen, whereby said screen will tail over large and long foreign substances, while the main stock will pass through said screen to the interior thereof, and from thence out of said screen.

8. A sealping machine comprising a drum-like rotary screen mounted to rotate on a substantially horizontal axis, means for delivering commingled stock in compact mass against the upwardly moving portion of said screen, and a hopper below said screen having a discharge passage arranged to cause the stock to accumulate in compact mass within said screen, said hopper being extended under said screen to a point outward of the vertical plane of the axis thereof.

9. The structure defined in claim 1 in further combination with a stop plate mounted within said rotary screen and gravity-held in an upright position.

10. A scalping machine comprising a drun'i-like screen mounted to rotate on an approximately horizontal. axis, an upper primary hopper having an llltUllllOfl discharge spout. arranged to direct; the coin mingled stock in compact mass against the upwardly moving upper portion of said screen. and a secondary hopper located below the said screen, said screen serving to tail over the large and long foreign substances while the main stool; relieved thereof will pass through said screen to the interior there of and from thence through the lower portion of said screen into said secondary hopper, said secondary hopper having a dischar e passage arranged for a more restrictlll) ed flow of stock than that afforded by the discharge spout of said upper hopper.

11. The structure defined in claim 10 in further combination with an upri ht bafiie plate located within said screen an serving to cause the stock to bank up within said screen.

12. The structure defined in claim 10 in which said rotary screen has an axial shaft, and in further combination with an upright stop plate located within said screen and gravity-suspended on the shaft thereof.

13. The structure defined in claim 10 in which the delivery spout from said primary hopper and the bottom of said secondary hopper incline in opposite directions, and in further combination with an upright stop plate located within said rotary screen and opposing the flow of the stock from the discharge spout of said primary hopper.

14. The structure defined in claim 10 in which the delivery spout from. said primary hopper and the bottom of said secondary hopper incline in opposite directions, and in further combination with an upright stop plate located within said rotary screen and opposing the flow of the stock from the discharge spout of said primary hopper, and in still further combination with an air stack into which the stock is delivered from said secondary hopper, and means for producing an upward flow of air through said air stack.

15. A scalping machine comprising an endless moving screen, means for delivering coinmingled stock to said screen, and flow restraining means for causing the stock to accumulate in compact mass against the exterior and interior of said screen, whereby the screen will tail over large and long foreign substances while the main stock will pass through said screen.

In testimony whereof I a'flix my signature.

CLARENCE V. CARTER. 

